Class XI

electronic configuration - 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10  
Cr - 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5
Cu - 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6  4s1 3d10  

Moles    =    given mass
                   molar mass   
1 mol =   11gm of Na
              11u of Na          


Strength = mass/ volume of solution


Strength / Molar Mass = mass/ molar mass x volume = Moles/ volume = Molarity

Strength / Molar Mass = Molarity


Molarity =         Moles of solute 

volume of solution in litres

0.1M = 0.1 mol dissolved in 1 L of solution = 1gm of 10 unit molar mass element dissolved in 1 L of solution.
 1 M = 1 mol dissolved in 1L of solution = 11gm of Na is dissolved in 1L of solution.

Molality    =        Moles of solute
                     Mass of solvent in Kg

1m = 1 mol dissolved in 1kg of solvent


Normality = No. of gram equivalents of solute/ volume of solution in L




Oxidising agent ( जो दुसरो के इलेक्ट्रान खा जाए ) means which itself gets reduced (electron खाना ) and oxidizes the opponent. 

Reducing agent (जो दुसरो को खाना खिलाये ) means which itself gets oxidised (electron donation) and reduces the opponent.


Oxidising agent = oxidation state decreases (F + A = F-) = Non metals are oxidising agent

Reducing agent = oxidation state increases (Na + A = Na+) = metals are reducing agent

Iron forms two oxidation states = +2, +3 

Fe+2 = ferrous 

Fe+3 = ferric (OXIDISING AGENT)


0 - nil, 1-un, 2 - bi, 3-tri, 4-quad, 5-pent, 6-hex, 7-sept, 8-oct, 9-enn
101 Unnilunium Unu Mendelevium Md 102 Unnilbium Unb Nobelium No 103 Unniltrium Unt Lawrencium Lr 104 Unnilquadium Unq Rutherfordium Rf 105 Unnilpentium Unp Dubnium Db 106 Unnilhexium Unh Seaborgium Sg 107 Unnilseptium Uns Bohrium Bh 108 Unniloctium Uno Hassium Hs 109 Unnilennium Une Meitnerium Mt 110 Ununnillium Uun Darmstadtium Ds 111 Unununnium Uuu Rontgenium Rg 112 Ununbium Uub Copernicium Cn 113 Ununtrium Uut Nihonium Nh 114 Ununquadium Uuq Flerovium Fl 115 Ununpentium Uup Moscovium Mc 116 Ununhexium Uuh Livermorium Lv 117 Ununseptium Uus Tennessine Ts 118 Ununoctium Uuo Oganesson Og 
E = hνE = hc/λ  (as ν= c/λ) or we write c = νxλ  or λ =c/νHz = s-1 Lyman - UV region; Balmer - Visible Region; Paschen - IR region; Brackett - IR RegionPfund - IR Region
For O2 and F2σ1s2<σ*1s2<σ2s2<σ*2s2 <σ2pz2<π2px2= π2py2<π*2px2=π*2py2<σ*2pz2For other than O2 and F2σ1s2<σ*1s2<σ2s2<σ*2s2<π2px2= π2py2<σ2pz2<π*2px2=π*2py2<σ*2pz2

Term I : Syllabus: 1-Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, 2-Structure of Atom, 3- Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, 4-Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, 8-Redox, 9-Hydrogen,  12-Organic Chemistry - Some basic principles and Techniques

Test - 20 Nov - 12 Dec

Strategy: - 3 weeks = 3 chapters = finish + revision (MCQs)

Weekdays: 1 week - 1 chapter : weekend (MCQs of Old Chapter)


Term II: 5- States of Matter: Gases and Liquids, 6-Chemical Thermodynamics, 7-Equilibrium, 10-s block elements, 11-p block elements, 13-Hydrocarbons

Strategy: - 20 Nov - 20 Feb = 60 days = 8 weeks

1 week - 1 chapter = exclusively 

Class XII

acidic character sequence - 

2,4,6 -Trinitrophenol (pKa0.71) >  2,4 - Dinitrophenol (pKa4.0) > 4-Nitrophenol (pKa7.15) > 2-Nitrophenol (pKa7.23) > o-Chlorophenol (pKa8.11) > o-Bromophenol (pKa8.39 >  3-Nitrophenol (pKa8.40) > o-Iodophenol (pKa8.48) > o-Fluorophenol (pKa8.81)> m-Methoxyphenol (pKa9.65) > m-Aminophenol (pKa9.87) > Phenol (pKa9.98) = o-Methoxyphenol (pKa9.98) > m-Cresol (pKa10.08) > p-Cresol (pKa10.04) > p-Methoxyphenol (pKa10.21) > o-Cresol (pKa10.28)

in FCC there are total 4 spheres and so 4 octahedral voids and so 8 tetrahedral voids

Syllabus: -  Class XII: Strategy

Term I: - Objective - Solid State, Solutions, P-Block, Haloalkarene, Alcohol, Biomolecules (01 Dec - 20 Dec)

Term II: - Descriptive - Electro, Chemical Kinetics, Surface, D&F, Coordination, Aldehyde, Amines (01 Mar)

Strategy: - Nov 21 = 30 days x 60 questions = 1800 questions.

NOV - weekdays (Mon - Fri) objective Term I questions, 

NOV - weekends (Sat - Sun) Term II Chapter (1 week 1 chapter) = Aldehyde, Amines, Chemical Kinetics

Dec end - Surface, D&F, 

Jan end - Electro, Coordination + Revision

Strength = mass/ volume of solution


Strength / Molar Mass = mass/ molar mass x volume = Moles/ volume = Molarity

Strength / Molar Mass = Molarity